Break that shit up! The Substrate. The following is a list. Mushroom Substrate Colonization Requirements. Once it recovers, it will explode in growth and will likely 100% colonize within days. With the steam sterilization technique, you may find you have to add some water to the pot during steaming due to evaporation. You will want multiple bags. There we go, someone needs to make diaper tek, just inject the spores right into a dirty diaper, it would probably fail due to jealousy though. Seriously, DO NOT BUY/USE brand name Bens Original unless you have to. ), Part 2: How to Inoculate Uncle Bens Bags (Inoculation & Colonization), Part 4: How to Harvest, Dry, and Prepare for next flush, (There will also be a TL;DR at the bottom of Part 4), --------------------------------------------------------. Until Uncle Bens Tek started becoming popular. If you have nasty tap water, Id recommend using distilled gallons for this step. Fungi need specific environmental conditions to fruit, a change in CO2 levels, regular fresh air, and a constant humiditya closed environment where these conditions can be maintained is essential for triggering the fruiting process and maintaining a constant environment. I dont measure my water amounts TBH. Plastic storage box (53 quart is ok, but bigger boxes will provide more room), Medium-sized Peach tin, or tomato tin (800g to 1kg). Furthermore, this Tek can be used to prepare spawn for use in the spawn + bulk substrate Tek. Make sure you get every part of it covered, and especially the front where you will inoculate. My preferred tub is in the Materials section below. If your mushrooms begin growing too tall, you can toss a bag over it or do a dub-tub method. *A Still Air Box (SAB), or glovebox, is a sealed container that some people use to help limit air movement and keep contamination out of their grows. We recommend sporestock.com for USA and Orangutan Trading Co.com for UK! Cover all the holes with micropore tape to allow airflow, but to stop unwanted spores or insects. Here are some mistakes that we made when we first started mushroom growing. Link to Uncle Ben's Tek part 2 Uncle Ben's Tek Shopping List: Part 2 You can either buy these pre-made or make your own. Come find out the supplement industry's dirty secret. Add more coco coir (at field capacity hydration) as needed to reach 2-4 inches, and mix thoroughly repeatedly. It's been 11 days, and no pins have formed. We now have more than 1000 people from around the world growing mushrooms with us in our course, and our five mycology experts are available to offer live support and hold your hand every step of the way. PLEASE err on the side of caution, and if the bags look moist through the viewing window on the bottom, add LESS solution than you think you need. These pins start out growing slowly, but will suddenly become full-grown shrooms. For more information, please see our I decided to try uncle Ben's rice tech to see how it would turn out. The tek is straightforwardyou inoculate satchels of pre-cooked rice (conveniently pre-sterilized) using a spore syringe. Heres an example of some good-looking bags. The PF tek and Spiderman Tek will only produce a small amount of mushrooms, but they can both be used as spawn, a commercial term used to describe a highly nutritious myceliated substrate that is used to add to additional substratesin our example we discuss adding coco coir, but you could experiment with pasteurized cow dungto grow a larger number of more potent mushrooms. Two of the most popular teks if youre new to growing mushrooms are the PF Tek and the Spiderman Tek (i.e. You also dont want your jars/satchels getting too hot. Leave the chip clip on. At the bottom of each post will be a summary in bold. Note: this is optional, you can also just airdry your mushrooms on a sushi mat, but a dehydrator is the best way to go. Personally, though I had success going straight to fruiting, I often dried out my tubs before they produced pins (baby mushrooms) because my air is so dry here. Dont expect to get it right away! Use the Chip clip method to hold your top of your bag separate. Initially, the PF tek used organic rye berries (rye seeds) but later simplified to use brown rice flour and vermiculite. The moist perlite will maintain the necessary humidity for the mushrooms to grow. The hot tin should cut the plastic effortlesslybest to do this outside. )rice sticks together really well, and the dense clumps can inhibit both water movement and airflow, both crucial in terms of colonization. On the inside, these bags are miniature, pre-sterilized, perfect-humidity-water-weight nutrient-filled grains, just waiting for some spores to grow mycelium. This is an easy, beginner-friendly Tek, that you can learn the basics of mycology and growing your own mushrooms with. Ever wondered why some Mushroom Supplements are so cheap? Heres an example of a corner that was cut too much, you should break up the mycelium chunk and shake vigorously to redistribute your mycelium. Use a torch lighter or (gas stove) to heat the needle of the syringe til it is red-hot. Micropore tape can be purchased from most pharmacies or can be found in some supermarkets in the medical area near bandages. Drying is best done somewhere that has warm air movement. So to give Uncle Bens a fair hearing, its necessary to look at both sides. After shaking, give it a day to recover from the shaking. Bruising may occur, but it will recover and growth will explode. This is not needed for the Uncle Bens tek, but it is for PF tek. Once youve inoculated your rice bag with the spores, it can take up to six weeks before your rice cakes are fully colonized. When in doubt, add more boiling water than necessary. Check out the Chip Clip Method from u/ThisIsMyShroomAcct. Use an indoor thermometer to keep temps between 75 and 80 degrees Fahrenheit for fastest colonization rates. If contamination is suspected, throw the bags away and try again. You dont want flavors, you just want the pure Uncle Bens brown rice. Growing mushrooms can look incredibly daunting. The mycelium used all the nutrients gathered through the colonization process to produce the first flush of mushrooms, and will then need to accumulate more nutrients for the second and then the third. Wearing food-safe gloves, clean and wipe down your working area/ Still Air Box, Clean all your tools with either 70% alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, methylated spirits, Prepare jars, hammer four holes into each metal lid, Measure out at a ratio of 2:1:1, vermiculite, brown rice flour, gypsum, Moisten the vermiculite till it doesnt absorb any more water, Add the brown rice flour and gypsum to the moist vermiculite and mix well, Fill the jars 3/4 full, then add 1-2 cm of dry vermiculite to the top, Sterilize or steam sterilize the jars (see main text above). Some of the best beginner mushroom strains include: A Strain Alcabenzi Amazon Argentina Allen Strain B+ Strain Ban Hua Thanon Bix Mex Blue Meanies Burma Ban Nathon Before you begin, it is recommended to wear food-safe gloves and a mask throughout the process. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. The materials needed are cheap and widely available, especially once you invest in your original setup. Because Uncle Bens Tek is so simple, there is a lot that cant be precisely controlledso thats one reason why yield is hard to predict. The PF Tek forms the basis of many other teks including the Spiderman Tek. Privacy Policy. Most importantly, you want fast and health mycelium growth, so it can outcompete any potential contams inside the bag. The black spores are likely clumped up, and you want to shake it each time you inoculate to spread the spores into the solution. The products recommended on healing-mushrooms.net are not verified by the FDA to treat, cure or prevent any disease. Wipe your syringes body down with ISO. So, you want to grow magic mushrooms. So, there you have it. Cookie Notice Before you begin, you may need to set up some equipment. 05:22. Let the air stop moving entirely in your house/apartment. Once your bags are colonized, its time to move on to Part 3: Fruiting! A really quick but toxic alternative is to use a soldering iron to melt the holes. Make sure your Lysol settles, though. This is essential for killing potential contaminants, Either a) Snip off the corner of the bag and insert the syringe needle or b) push the syringe needle through the top of the satchel, Gently inject 1 to 2 mL of your spore solution on top of the rice, Tape over either the corner you cut open or the syringe hole with micropore tape. Stick your sterilized syringe into the cut corner of the bag, only as far as the needle reaches inside, and squirt 0.5cc (half of one mL) of the shaken spore solution. Heres our full guide on how to dry mushrooms. But once your mycelium cakes have colonized and you transfer them to the shotgun fruiting chamber, the technique is the same. USA Shipping. If there are a few grains uncolonized, thats ok. Make sure to brush off these grains and dispose of them properly. It is fully cooked, loaded into bags, sterilized so that its stable and safe to be stored at room temperature, then shipped to the store. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TnceBhJJGPg&ab_channel=DoubleBlind, Growing Mushrooms: How to Make Bulk Substrate | DoubleBlind (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TnceBhJJGPg&ab_channel=DoubleBlind), How to Make Shroom Tea The Ultimate Mushroom Tea Guide, Breaking Us Down: Why Self-Care is a Paradox for Black People in America. The rice company hydrates and cooks the rice, sterilizing it in the process, and then seals it in sterile pouchesall you need to do is inoculate the bags. Take a shower and really scrub your hands, arms, and under your nails. The essential items for this tek are the satchels of pre-cooked rice, spore syringe, 70 percent alcohol, micropore tape, the flame lighter, and optionally, a Still Air Box. Video of some time lapses that I've done Ask Question Download Step 1: Supplies to Begin To begin growing your own mushrooms you will need the following for the PF tek: insert the spores into a substrate like brown rice which is in either bags, for Spiderman/ Uncle Bens Tek, or mason jars, for PF Tek). Psilocybin spores are legal in Canada and all 47 states, but California, Idaho, and Georgia. Moving air circulates contaminants. Your options are 100% Coco coir, or a Coco coir & Vermiculite mix, or the CVG mix (Coco, Verm, and Gypsum). Spider-Man Tek) Full Instructions. Products on this page ship from within the USA and can only be delivered to the USA. I add 1-2 bags of Bens per 4 quart tub, and mix in coco coir until 2-4 deep. This is very important for even flushes. Using gloved hands, start breaking apart your cake into the coco coir. Above 79/80 degrees, and it may be too hot and will contaminate as mycelium cant grow in that heat, but bacteria can. Notes on particular items: Sporesthere are a variety of websites that sell spore syringes, or you can make your own from a spore print. Some people use aquarium water heaters and make a kind of water bath, often using two tubs. This prevents any outside air from entering your open corner before the micropore tape is in place. Put on your cleanest clothes, and wear a hat or a hairnet. [CLICK HERE for PART 3: Spawning to Bulk]. Screw on the needle, and wipe with ISO. The point of this method is to clip the bag shut while cutting and taping your corner. (Heres our explainer and video on where to buy psilocybin spores.) Wear hat, mask, and gloves. You DO NOT want standing water, or for it to be soaking wet on the bottom. You may be able to induce the fungus to fruit in the jar, though few people do that. By adding more liquid you throw off the amount of moisture. Uncle Ben's Tek is a death sentence for spores. The tek can be applied to any brand of plastic satchel pre-cooked rice, and potentially any combination of rice and other grain satchels, this is the most popular brand/ kind, though, among growers. Fluctuations in temperature will slow down growth and give contams a chance to beat the mycelium. First off, you'll need to get your mushroom grain spawn colonizing so it can be used in your monotub. With a few basic skills, some practice, and a clean area to work, many different varieties of mushrooms, including the magic varieties, are relatively easy to grow. The name of the game is inoculation. You want to keep adding boiling water until the substrate is generally hydrated and broken up. Why, the haters say, encourage beginners to use a kinda-effective, hit-or-miss tek when they are fully capable of something way better? If you do use the bathroom to fruit, mist the satchel twice daily. Incredibly useful if you are working in an area that is difficult to clean (your back shed or garage), where you may expect regular interruptions or air movement (such as your kitchen, especially if you have housemates). Heres a great timelapse example from /u/tornadic_Vortex, colonized the majority of the surface to 75% coverage, or you see knots or pins, [CLICK HERE for PART 4: Harvesting, Drying, and Preparing for the next Flush]. Mushroom cultivation is a rapidly evolving field, and there are always problems to be solvedor shortcuts to be developed. Interested in having a psychedelic experience, but don't know where to start? Wipe down your gloves, wipe down your next bag, then shake your syringe again, wipe it down, dry it out, flame sterilize it, and inoculate your next 9 bags. This started to change with the introduction of the PF Tek, a simple technique which allowed people with minimal skills and no knowledge of lab technique to grow mushrooms at home easily. Dont worry too much about the variety you have. My Method for creating the perfect Uncle Bens Monotub: I basically follow Bods Bucket tek, except I dont bother measuring my water amounts, and I use a home depot bucket. At the bottom of each post will be a summary in bold. 96 ($0.26/Ounce) SNAP EBT eligible.Best Seller in Packaged Seasoned Rice.Squeeze READY RICE Whole Grain Brown Rice pouch to separate rice. Be careful only to add as much water as can be absorbed by the vermiculite. You can also combine this method with the next method for ultimate anti-contamination efforts: The Capri-Sun Method will likely be the next big thing, if it works well. By using a dehydratorthe same kind used to dry fruitor by leaving the mushrooms on a rack in a part of the house that is warm and dry. Using a torch lighter or (gas stove) heat the needle of the syringe til it is red-hot. You cant do this if you drill your tub. If you use an SGFC, mist and aerate using the lid twice daily, and soon enough you should see primordia form, and then your mushrooms grow. I would not recommend. Need Access to Shrooms? Alcohol/Isopropyl alcohol/methylated spirits (we like 70% like this one), Water Spray Bottle for 70% alcohol/methylated spirits, Still Air Box (SAB) & Shotgun Fruiting Container (SGFC), **Note a SAB is optional and there are also many kinds of fruiting chambers, but we choose to teach SGFC in this guide**, Drill and a 4-12 mm step Drill Bit or Soldering Iron, Heating mat for reptile closure / Horticulture. Keep an eye out for contamination. Youll break up your cakes from your Uncle Bens bags into the tub, add your field capacity substrate, mix thoroughly, then move onto the conditions. You may need more later. Window light and ambient room light is ok too. The satchel should maintain some humidity, and you can keep the satchel in the bathroom where it is humid or in an SGFC. Once its glowing red-hot, bring it into your SAB to cool. As with any mycology technique, cleanliness is key. Many people find that their room temps in a closet work just fine. Heres our full guide on how to store mushrooms. Try cutting the corner, or hole punch, for gas exchange. Make sure you read the manual and understand its usage before you use your pressure cooker. My first time inoculating pre-sterilized bags of Uncle Ben's Ready Rice with mushroom spores. Could be the best method yet! Colonization is occurring, half of bottom seems to be doing well Day 59 (12/31/2019) - No Pic but update Stalled @ 50% colonization It's clear that it stalled and did not fully colonize This could be due to lack of air exchange or moisture Last ditch effort - cutting slit in bag and spraying in additional water Day 78 (1/19/2020) - Update Pics Break up the rice through the bag with your hands. Just leave them to colonize like they did in the rice bags. Its a lifelong journey thats joyous and empowering. Add a casing layer to make the perfect microclimate for pins. . About time to break and shake the PF, 13 days after injecting, but still several days away for the other two. Ill break this write-up into 4 main posts. It is best to pull whole clusters in one go. Wait a few seconds for it to cool, insert into the satchel, and gently inject 1 to 2 ml of the spore solution. Like Step 7, you want this casing layer to be as smooth as possible. Luckily, to make growing mushrooms easier and more accessible, a variety of Guerrilla techniques exist that allow beginners to quickly start the journey of mushroom cultivation. Yes, like the juice pouch, you simply stab your heated needle into the center of the bag (after sterilizing the bag and needle of course) and inject your 0.5-0.75cc spore solution. Size should be 4-6 quarts for 1-2 bags of spawn, depending on tub height. You can see my casing layer is having mycelium colonize through. The pressure cooker step is needed because the grains you buy are not sterile, nor is the water you add. Some people use cheese graters, but I find using my hands works fine. Shoebox Tek . Use the Hole Punch method to add 2-6 air holes across the clipped top. (Tek stands for Techniquea term commonly used within counterculture citizen science projects.). You want your surface as uniform as possible. For each jar, remove the foil and inject 0.5-1 mm of spore solution into each hole below the vermiculite layer. This will usually take between two to four weeks, but sometimes can take even longer. Part 1: Understanding how mushrooms and mycelium grow (Very important, do not skip! It is essential to mist and aerate on a regular daily basis. The substrate. Your colonized spawn grains already contain all of the nutrients required to fruit mushrooms, but the grains are 100% colonized by mycelium and wont be contaminated. There are several stages to the mushroom growing process: inoculation, colonization, harvesting, drying, and storing. Micropore tape is essential. The techniques involved in growing magic mushrooms have come a long way in the last 60 years, from Roger Heim growing Psilocybe mexicana for Albert Hofmann to Oss and Oerics (aka Terence and Dennis McKenna) Psilocybin: Magic Mushroom Growers Guide. There is now a range of accessible books by authors such as Stamets, Peter McCoy, Tradd Cotter, and Dr. K Mandrake and Virginia Haze, the teachers in our mushroom growing course and the authors of The Psilocybin Mushroom Bible.. Place the cakes/bulk substrates into the fruiting chamber only when they are fully colonizedwhen the substrate is all covered with mycelium and the mycelium starts becoming thicker. You will, of course, need spores. Innoculation (uncle ben's tek) S tep one of this process is simply the injection of microscopic mushroom spores into grains of microwavable rice such as Uncle Bens. Click here for the video version of this post! When you can see mycelium at the bottom of the jar, wait a week to ensure full colonization. Place the foil with the cake gently in the SGFC, sitting on the perlite layer. You want the rice to no longer be stuck in a cake, but free-moving and soft. If you feel hard colonization about 20% worth, break it and shake it! These are the beginning steps, from here once you are comfortable, you can move on to grains, monotubs, working with agar, and then liquid culture. Give them some light. Once inoculated, you need to store the jars/sachets somewhere warm, ideally around room temperature (18 to 24 degrees C) for the mycelium to colonize their substrate. I prefer to not do either; I simply crack my lid with BODs Unmodified Monotub Tek. When the jars are fully colonized, it's time to move on to fruiting. You dont want to fully seal it closed with tape. What ratio of spawn: substrate? Uncle Ben's will now be known as Ben's Original. Using a large pot to steam sterilize the jars will not guarantee all the contaminants are killed. Its that simple. Fruiting chambers can get complicated, with humidity sensors, fans, humidifiers, piping, and timers, but you can start simple with a shotgun fruiting chamber. Dont skimp on thisi.e buy a dodgy pressure cooker from a junk reuse shopas they can explode. Regular jars are easier to find and a lot cheaper than mason jars. The coir will soak up the water and expand. There may be a perfect method which combines all 3: Follow sterile procedures as listed in the Corner Cutting Method. Heres an example of a corner that was cut too much, but is still useable. Swing the bag from the top to force all of the rice away from the top (or squeeze the rice down) towards the bottom. modified, unmodified, or dub-tub? A good sized pressure cooker between 7 to 10 litres is recommended for average use. Explanation: There are three parts for spawning to bulk you need to know. Updated version of Uncle Ben's Tek. Psylocybe Fanaticus, shortened to PF, was the business name of Robert Billy McPhersonaka Professor Fanaticuswho pioneered a method of mushroom cultivation called the PF Tek. This one is a compromise between price and quality. Mushrooms need regular fresh air, so remember to use the lid to fan the container at least twice a day. instructions: break up the rice in the bag with your fingers. THEY WILL GROW EXTREMELY FAST at this point, so be attentive! I personally use a closet with a $15 heater and a temperature controller set to 79F max and 75F min. One of the newest Teks that has been developed is the Uncle Ben's Tek. Sterilize the jars, run the pressure cooker for 45 minutes or the pot for 90 minutes and let cool. The following pictures show what it looks like after mixing, then casing with coco. We want to be as sterile as possible, but we dont need to worry about sterilizing the inside of our bags because they are already sterile inside (the beauty of Uncle Bens Tek). You need this item. They score 5 stars over 21 reviews. At field capacity, sprinkle enough coco coir to cover all visible white grains completely, 1/8 to deep. There are more than 100 different kinds of psilocybin mushrooms, but the most popular ones for growing are B+, Penis Envy, and Golden Teachers. by calling or texting 6-2FIRESIDE. Mist the walls of the SGFC, or the outside of the rice satchels. wipe down your scissors with alcohol or another disinfectant. For the pressure cooker, follow the instructions on usage. Once again, we will not be using this method for Uncle Bens spawn grains (though you can experiment with it!). You could fruit them in your bathroom, but it is best to fruit them in a stable environment such as a Shotgun Fruiting Chamber (SGFC). In your clean monotub, add 1 deep coco coir at field capacity. Here is a great example of a bag that is NOT CONTAMINATED, only bruised. Heres my pinset. I find that my bags fully colonize in 1-2 weeks, but sometimes faster. As the mycelium runs out of nutrients, it becomes weaker and more prone to contaminants. Buy these spores from a trusted vendor online. Pops shows techniques used at the Mushlab to increase your successful inoculation of Uncle Bens brown rice bags Follow him on IG @popshrooms2 The arguments and counter-arguments for and against. Dont skip out, get the right stuff. Many of these items can be bought from hardware or garden supply stores. The Uncle Bens Tek[i] is not a technique belonging to Uncle Ben (Now known as Bens Original). A good quality stainless steel pressure cooker that reaches 15 psi is recommended. **You do NOT need many spores to enter your bag; all it takes is a few. Not only do the gloves protect you from the alcohol, etc., but your skin carries a variety of bacteria, and you are continually losing skin to the air around you. There are two choices here: some teks recommend snipping off the top corner of the rice satchel, injecting the spores through the hole, and then sealing the hole with the micropore tape. Most SABs are made from large clear plastic storage boxes (although my first SAB was a cardboard box with a cling wrap window!) $5/brick, and 1 brick is enough for like 6 tubs at least. [ii] SettledNomad (2021). This instructable will go over one of the most basic grow techniques (PF Tek) for growing a wide variety of mushrooms including Shaggy Mane, Lion's Mane, and P. Cubensis. If you do the Capri Sun method for injecting, make sure to cut a vent or use a hole punch to add a GE vent. As mentioned, consider the placement of the armholes before you cut, in time you may find yourself working longer and longer hours, so comfort is essential. Individual clumps of grains are perfect, but do not leave large clumps. of course. The idea behind the Spiderman Tek first surfaced on the Shroomery and Mycotopia around 2005. At this stage, you will need the coco coir, perlite, and a suitable fruiting chamber. Done! You don't need ultimate sterile procedures. Once inoculated, you need to keep the rice bags warm enough while the mycelium growsskip forward to the mushroom incubation section for more information, *Note: this summary is a good way for you to get a sense of whats involved in Uncle Bens Tek, but if youre actually going to try it, youll likely have a lot of questions along the way. As CO2 is heavier than air, the holes in the container will allow the CO2 to seep out of the holes near the base and fresh air to be drawn in to replace itlifting the lid and using it to fan the tray every day is advised. There are several stages to the mushroom growing process: inoculation, colonization, harvesting, drying, and storing. Regardless of which approach you take, use a torch lighter or (gas stove) to heat the needle of the syringe til it is red-hot. Remove your syringe and set it aside. There are more than 100 different kinds of psilocybin mushrooms, but the most popular ones for growing are B+, Penis Envy, and Golden Teachers. You dont need a pressure cooker. There you have it! The 100% colonized cakes are removed from their jars soaked underwater to hydrate them overnight. Contaminants spread quickly and dont take long to become visible if they are present. Uncle Bens isnt even cheaper on a per-gram-of-mushroom basis, because the equipment for PF Tek is re-usable and brown rice is very cheap in bulkplus theres all that plastic waste at the end. This is good. Sometimes it's good to learn from your own mistakes, other times it's enough to learn from others. If you dont have an area with a stable temperature, say on top of your fridge or near a heater where it is always warm, you may need an incubator. Once drained of excess water, place them back on the foil islands to get a second flush, when you get another batch of mushrooms from the same cake. Shroom cultivation has been around for a while, and there are many methods (known as Teks) for creating colonized spawn grains. I rehydrated them for about 22 hours before placing them in the fruiting chamber. When it has cooled, wearing gloves, squeeze out the water. You can create a simple incubator by purchasing a reptile heating mat, or horticultural heating mat, to make an incubation chamber using another plastic storage box. The essential items for this Tek are clean wide-mouthed canning jars with metal lids, a spore syringe, brown rice flour, gypsum, vermiculite, 70 percent alcohol/methylated spirits, the flame lighter, micropore tape, and optionally, a Still Air Box (which we show you how to make above). Many growers use Liners, cut black plastic bags, to prevent a microclimate developing on the sides and bottom of the tub. The mushrooms can be harvested, the cakes re-hydrated, and placed back into the chamber for a second flush. Use only approximately 5 to 10 cm of water at the bottomdepending on the size of the jars. Plus, many Uncle Bens enthusiasts say they get excellent results with the method. Heres a great timelapse example from /u/tornadic_Vortex. When the substrate is fully myceliated you dont need to be as concerned about contamination as there is little space for contamination to take hold, and the mycelium will be busy defending itself. This has been a very quick run-through of the process involved in how to grow mushrooms, from setting up a basic grow environment, work environment, and then the steps involved in using the PF Tek or the Spiderman Tek (Uncle Bens Tek) to start growing magic mushrooms. In a large clean bowl, add some coco coir and boiled water and cover. But by being careful, the risk of contamination from airborne spores or bacteria is small, especially when using a Still Air Box* (more on that below), because air exposure is minimal and the layer of vermiculite we add to the top of the substrate acts as a filter.

Joe Pavlik Takeover Industries, 47kg Propane Gas How Long Does It Last, David Maxwell Texas Ranger, Steamed Burgers Healthier, Lost Paysafe Voucher, Articles U